在一个新的合成数据集上训练的整体机器学习模型很好地概括了使用可穿戴设备的压力预测
Gideon Vos1, Kelly Trinh1, Zoltan Sarnyai2
1College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, James Cook Dr, Townsville, 4811, QLD, Australia.
对于压力检测的机器学习模型很难进行概括. 结合小型数据集和使用组合技术,可以提高新数据的准确性,提供强大的压力测量系统. 这项研究提高了使用可穿戴传感器检测压力.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 物理计算生理学计算
背景情况:
- 可穿戴式传感器收集与高压相关的生物标志物.
- 对于压力检测的机器学习模型面临普遍化挑战,原因是人际变化和有限的公共数据集.
- 开发一种通用的压力测量模型是由于急性压力反应的主观和客观组成部分而复杂的.
研究的目的:
- 研究在小型单一协议数据集上训练的模型的概括能力.
- 建议和评估结合数据集以构建更大的训练集以改善模型概括的方法.
- 开发和评估组合技术,结合梯度增强和人工神经网络,以提高压力检测的准确性.
主要方法:
- 利用来自六个公共数据集的传感器生物标记数据.
- 开发了一个梯度增强模型,并对未见的数据集测试了其概括性.
- 合并了小型数据集以创建"压力数据" (99名受试者),并使用随机抽样和特征工程合成了更大的数据集 ("合成压力数据",200名受试者).
- 评估了一种组合模型,该模型结合了梯度增强和使用Leave-One-Subject-Out验证和测试其他未见的数据集的人工神经网络.
主要成果:
- 在小数据集 (<50个受试者) 上训练的模型对新数据的概括性很差.
- 使用随机抽样生成大型综合训练数据集显著提高了模型性能.
- 拟议的组合方法与特征工程相结合,在未见的数据上实现了85%的预测准确度,比单个模型提高了25%.
- 由此产生的模型可以使用可穿戴传感器生物标志物对感知压力水平进行分类或回归.
结论:
- 小的,单一研究数据集产生模型,这些模型不能很好地概括.
- 更大,更多样化的数据集更好地捕捉生理变异,从而导致更强大的压力检测.
- 特性工程和组合技术通过结合不同模型的预测能力,进一步增强应力检测.
- 随机抽样可以从较小的数据集中构建更大,更多样化的数据集,从而实现强大的机器学习模型来测量压力.
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