乳酸细菌自然与准备好吃的火箭沙拉相关,可以在人类胃肠道中存活
Giacomo Mantegazza1, Robin Duncan1, Nicolò Telesca1
1Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses and Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Food microbiology
|December 4, 2023
概括
像火箭沙拉这样的原始,非发酵食品可能会将有益的乳酸细菌 (LAB) 引入肠道微生物群. 虽然没有显著改变整体肠道微生物群,但沙拉消费增加了特定的细菌,这表明植物性食物可以成为活微生物的可行来源.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 人类肠道微生物组
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
背景情况:
- 现代化和西方饮食减少了与食物相关的微生物多样性,可能会影响宿主健康.
- 发酵食品经常被提议用于抵消微生物的损失,但原始的,非发酵食品也可能有助于活跃的微生物.
- 作为有益于人类肠道微生物群的有益细菌来源,生蔬菜的作用需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究乳酸细菌 (LAB) 从火箭沙拉通过胃肠道 (GIT) 的生存.
- 为了确定沙拉相关的LAB是否可以促进人类肠道微生物群的组成.
- 探索原始,非发酵食品消费对肠道细菌群落的影响.
主要方法:
- 从火箭沙拉 (Eruca vesicaria亚种) 中量化和分离LAB 这里是Sativa.
- 使用体外模型和人类干预试验,通过模拟胃肠道过境 (GIT) 评估LAB生存率.
- 在火箭沙拉消费三天之前和之后对便细菌群体的分析.
主要成果:
- 用低酸清洗火箭沙拉显著降低了细菌负载,并消除了可活的LAB.
- 在健康的成年人中,食用火箭沙拉并没有显著改变肠道微生物群的整体组成.
- 显著增加了韦塞拉 spp. 在消费后观察到,而Leuconostoc spp. 没有显著的变化.
- 模拟GIT实验表明,食物矩阵和初始细菌数量影响了LAB的存活率.
结论:
- 植物产品,如原始火箭沙拉,可能会成为人类肠道活体LAB的来源.
- 这些微生物的生存和贡献取决于诸如食物矩阵和摄入量等因素.
- 建议对各种原料,非发酵蔬菜和更长的干预期进行进一步的研究,以了解它们对肠道微生物群的影响.
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