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人工细胞合成使用生物催化聚合诱导的自组装

Andrea Belluati^1,2, Sètuhn Jimaja³, Robert J Chadwick⁴

¹Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, Glasgow, UK. andrea.belluati@tu-darmstadt.de.

Nature chemistry

|December 4, 2023

概括

研究人员使用酶合成创建了基于聚合物的人工细胞. 这些人造细胞可以表达蛋白质并模仿细菌功能,为分子系统工程和合成生物学开辟了新的途径.

科学领域:

生物仿真材料科学生物仿真材料科学
合成生物学合成生物学
聚合物化学聚合物化学

背景情况:

人工细胞是设计的微观结构,旨在复制自然细胞的功能.
它们作为分子系统工程的基础单位,并托管合成生物学途径.
目前的方法往往缺乏整合复杂细胞功能的能力,如蛋白质表达.

研究的目的:

开发能够表达蛋白质的基于聚合物的新型人造细胞.
利用酶合成来创造这些先进的人工细胞.
为了证明这些人工细胞作为微反应器和模仿细菌功能的潜力.

主要方法:

使用生物催化剂原子转移激进聚合诱导的自我组装.
肌球蛋白被用来合成两性阻塞共聚合物.
这些聚合物自组装成各种结构,包括巨型单囊泡 (GUVs),封装各种货物.

主要成果:

合成的基于聚合物的GUV能够封装酶,纳米颗粒,质粒和细胞溶解物.
证明了人工细胞作为微反应器的功能,用于酶反应和生物矿物化.
在提供氨基酸后,在GUV中实现了de novo蛋白质表达 (光蛋白,活性蛋白).

结论:

酶合成的GUV可以作为具有蛋白质表达能力的独立微反应器.
这些人造细胞有效地模仿细菌的结构和功能,包括遗传信息处理.
该研究在为合成生物学应用创造复杂的仿生系统方面取得了重大进展.

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