人均国民总收入与COVID-19疫苗接种覆盖率之间的关联:全球生态研究
Dennis Ogeto Nyachoti1,2, Pierre Fwelo3, Andrew E Springer4
1Texas Department of State Health Services, Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, Austin, TX, USA. dennis.nyachoti@dshs.texas.gov.
BMC public health
|December 4, 2023
概括
低收入国家和非洲地区的COVID-19疫苗接种覆盖率明显较低. 全球卫生工作必须优先增加这些地区的疫苗接种机会,以提高全球免疫率.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,COVID-19的流行病已经造成了数百万人的死亡和感染.
- 尽管有疫苗接种运动,但世界人口的很大一部分仍未接种疫苗.
- 在不同经济和地区群体中,疫苗接种覆盖率存在差异.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于人均国民总收入 (GNI) 的COVID-19疫苗接种覆盖率差异.
- 分析世界卫生组织 (WHO) 成员地区的疫苗接种覆盖率变化.
- 在疫苗分配和接种方面发现全球卫生不平等.
主要方法:
- 生态研究设计使用公开可用的世卫组织和世界银行数据.
- 在分析中包括了192名世卫组织成员和6个世卫组织区域.
- 负二项回归和ANOVA测试用于评估人均国内生产总值,地区和疫苗接种覆盖率之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 与高GNI成员相比,人均国民收入低的世卫组织成员的全面疫苗接种覆盖率 (aRR 0.30) 和至少一剂疫苗接种率 (aRR 0.34) 显著较低.
- 与欧洲地区相比,非洲地区的疫苗接种覆盖率明显较低 (完全:aRR 0.71;至少一剂量:aRR 0.78).
- 西太平洋地区的疫苗接种覆盖率明显高于欧洲地区 (完全:aRR 1.40;至少一剂:aRR 1.40).
结论:
- 人均国内生产总值 (GNI) 较低的国家和非洲地区在COVID-19疫苗接种覆盖率方面面临重大挑战.
- 有针对性的干预措施对于提高低收入国家和非洲大陆的疫苗接种和接种能力至关重要.
- 解决经济和区域差异对于实现全球COVID-19免疫目标至关重要.
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