烟草行业对海洋污染的责任:国家和全球估计
Deborah K Sy1,2
1Global Public Policy & Strategy, Global Center for Good Governance in Tobacco Control (GGTC), Bangkok, Thailand debby@ggtc.world.
Tobacco control
|December 5, 2023
概括
塑料烟草过器是全球污染的主要来源,每年在废物管理和生态系统损害方面耗资数十亿美元. 解决这些可预防的废物对于环境保护至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 由一次性塑料制成的香烟过器是全球最常见的垃圾.
- 废弃的香烟过器和包装给全球各国政府带来了巨大的经济和环境负担.
研究的目的:
- 估计烟草制品产生的塑料垃圾对不同国家的经济群体的经济负担.
- 量化烟废物对废物管理和生态系统服务的财务影响.
主要方法:
- 审查了公共数据源,以估计香烟废物的经济环境负担.
- 根据香烟的消费量计算出塑料过器和包装的总重量.
- 应用废物管理成本估计和生态系统损失数据来确定财务影响.
主要成果:
- 塑料烟草废弃物的全球年度损失估计为257亿美元,包括废物管理和海洋生态系统服务损失.
- 在10年内,这些损失预计将达到1860亿美元 (经通胀调整).
- 尽管塑料政策取得了进展,但与烟草塑料污染相关的重大经济成本往往被忽视.
结论:
- 烟草过器是一个有毒的,广泛的,可预防的海洋污染源,需要有针对性的减少努力.
- 各国应该为废物管理和生态系统服务制定具体的成本估计,以追究烟草行业的责任.
- 该研究为大多数国家提供了塑料烟草废物影响的最低财务估计.
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