传染病可以根除宿主物种吗? 感染年龄结构的影响
1School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1804, USA.
Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE
|December 5, 2023
概括
致命的传染病可以导致宿主灭绝,挑战简单的流行病模型. 引入感染年龄结构揭示了基于疾病动态和恢复率的宿主生存或灭绝的条件.
科学领域:
- 数学流行病学数学流行病学
- 人口动态 人口动态
- 传染病建模 传染病建模
背景情况:
- 基本问题:致命的传染病是否导致宿主群体的减少或灭绝?
- 简单的确定性SI/SIS模型与上密度依赖的发生率并不能预测宿主灭绝.
- 生物准确性需要考虑通过感染年龄结构任意分布的传染期.
研究的目的:
- 调查感染年龄结构的SIS流行病模型中宿主群体的持久性和灭绝情况.
- 确定传染病导致宿主消失的条件.
- 分析感染年龄密度依赖发病率对宿主生存的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发和分析一种包含感染年龄结构的易受感染易受感染 (SIS) 流行病模型.
- 数学建模以探索发病率函数,感染年龄密度和宿主人口动态之间的关系.
- 对特定功率发生函数的分析,以确定宿主持续或灭绝的条件.
主要成果:
- 宿主群体的存活率是在SIS模型中建立的,用于一般感染年龄密度依赖发病率的感染年龄结构.
- 这证实了以前没有感染年龄的模型的宿主持久性结果,不包括某些依赖频率的传播概括.
- 对于特定的功率发生率,当恢复率超过感染年龄依赖的传染性时,宿主持久性发生;在没有恢复的情况下,灭绝是可能的.
结论:
- 在SIS模型中感染年龄结构对于准确预测宿主群体在面对致命疾病时的动态至关重要.
- 即使有显著的疾病压力,宿主持久性也是可能的,前提是恢复机制强大.
- 由于传染病,宿主群体的完全消失在特定条件下可能发生,特别是当没有恢复到易感类时.
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