基础领域特定的数学技能对复杂的数学能力的相对贡献
Zehra E Ünal1, Gamze Kartal2, Serra Ulusoy3
1Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri.
Intelligence
|December 6, 2023
概括
一般认知能力 (g) 在各个领域显著影响数学表现. 基本的数学技能也有所贡献,但g的影响力始终更大,为教育策略提供了信息.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 心理测量 心理测量 心理测量
背景情况:
- 了解数学能力的认知架构对于有效的教育干预至关重要.
- 一般认知能力 (g) 和特定领域的技能都被认为对数学表现很重要.
- 之前的研究对g和特定数学技能的相对贡献产生了不同的结论.
研究的目的:
- 量化估计一般认知能力 (g) 和基本领域特定的数学能力对复杂数学表现的相对贡献.
- 调查数学流,计算技能和文字解决问题的能力在g.与关系中的预测作用.
- 检查这些关系是否在不同的人口统计和评估背景下有所不同.
主要方法:
- 使用元分析结构方程建模,合成了448个独立样本的数据.
- 核心分析包括了431,344名参与者的大量样本.
- 该研究区分了一般的认知能力 (g) 和特定的数学技能:流利,计算和单词问题.
主要成果:
- 一般认知能力 (g) 显著预测了所有三个数学领域 (流利,计算,单词问题) 的表现.
- 数学流性预测了计算能力,流性和计算能力都预测了单词问题的表现,即使在控制g之后.
- g的相对贡献始终大于基本的特定领域能力,尽管后者可能被低估.
结论:
- 一般的认知能力在数学表现中起着主导作用,但特定领域的技能也能有意义地发挥作用.
- 这些发现强调了一般认知培训和特定技能发展对于培养数学能力的重要性.
- 观察到的模式在不同的人群和评估类型中是稳定的,这表明它在教育实践中具有广泛的适用性.
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