原产地规则和出口商的增值
Dzmitry Kniahin1, Marcelo Olarreaga2
1University of Geneva and International Trade Center, Switzerland.
Heliyon
|December 6, 2023
概括
我们分析了原产地规则 (ROO) 的限制性如何影响受益人的出口附加值. 目前的欧盟GSP计划ROO水平似乎是最佳的,因为宽松政策可能会减少,而不是增加受益人的附加值.
科学领域:
- 国际贸易 国际贸易 国际贸易
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 贸易政策 贸易政策
背景情况:
- 优惠贸易协定往往包括原产地规则 (ROO) 来定义产品的资格.
- ROO的限制性可以影响受益人在其出口中所包含的附加值.
- 受益国家经常主张更宽松的ROO以提高出口竞争力.
研究的目的:
- 调查ROO限制性和出口附加值之间的非单调关系.
- 确定ROO限制性的最佳水平,以最大限度地提高受益人的附加值.
- 评估当前欧盟GSP计划的ROO水平是否符合这一最佳水平.
主要方法:
- 欧盟GSP计划数据的经济学分析.
- 计算增值最大化ROO限制性水平的计算.
- 对最佳与当前ROO限制性的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 该研究确定了ROO限制性和受益人的附加值之间的非单调关系.
- 为欧盟的GSP制度确定了计算的最佳ROO限制级别.
- 目前欧盟GSP制度中的ROO限制性与计算的最佳水平没有统计学上显著的差异.
结论:
- 目前的欧盟GSP原产地规则接近于最大限度地提高受益人的附加值的最佳限制性.
- 减少ROO限制性可能无意中使外国输入供应商受益于当地受益者.
- 政策建议应考虑ROO对国内价值创造的微妙影响.
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