外部焦点影响跳表现:专注于不同的目标和指令词
Yuki Furuhashi1, Yusuke Hioki2, Hirohiko Maemura3
1Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Journal of human kinetics
|December 6, 2023
概括
外部对焦指令可以提高跳下跳下 (DJ) 的性能. 具体的措辞至关重要;指令最大限度地减少接触时间 (CT) 缩短了CT,同时最大限度地提高跳跃高度 (JH) 指令增加了JH.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 发动机控制器的控制器
背景情况:
- 外部注意力集中可以提高运动表现.
- 教学线索显著影响注意力集中策略的有效性.
- 优化Drop Jump (DJ) 性能需要了解特定的提示效应.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同的教学词语如何影响跳跃 (DJ) 的表现.
- 为了比较旨在最小化接触时间 (CT) 和最大化跳跃高度 (JH) 的线索在DJ指标上的影响.
主要方法:
- 20名大学运动员从30厘米高的平台跳下跳跃.
- 参与者接受了四个外部焦点指令中的一个:两个用于最小化CT,两个用于最大化JH.
- 测量了关键性能变量,包括反应强度指数 (RSI),CT,JH,峰值垂直地面反应力 (vGRF) 和腿部度 (kvert).
主要成果:
- 在RSI,峰值vGRF或腿部硬度之间没有发现任何显著的差异.
- 与JH最大化指令 (COND 3) 相比,最小化CT的指令 (COND 1和2) 导致CT显著缩短.
- 最大化JH的指令 (COND 3) 导致JH明显高于CT最小化指令 (COND 1和2),并且COND 4也显示了比COND 1更高的JH.
结论:
- 在外部焦点指令中的单词选择对于优化跳跃跳跃 (DJ) 性能至关重要.
- 不同的线索是必要的,取决于目标是最小化接触时间 (CT) 或最大化跳跃高度 (JH).
- 教练和运动员应根据具体的绩效目标仔细选择注意力集中策略和相关语言.
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