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篮球跳球中的视觉信息:青少年和成人运动员之间的差异
Marques Rui1,2, Martins Fernando2,3,4, Gomes Ricardo2,3,4,5
1University of Coimbra, FCDEF, Coimbra, Portugal.
Journal of human kinetics
|December 6, 2023
概括
与初学者青年球员相比,专业的成人篮球运动员在跳跃射击中表现出优越的视觉策略. 青少年玩家可以通过在释放前延长他们最后的视觉固定来提高射击准确度.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 发动机控制器的控制器
- 人类运动 人类运动
背景情况:
- 篮球射击是一种复杂的运动技能,受视觉处理的影响.
- 训练有素的运动员在表现过程中经常表现出明显的眼运动模式.
研究的目的:
- 调查和比较初学者青年和职业成人篮球运动员在跳跃射击期间的视觉策略.
- 为了确定眼动模式的差异,特别是静眼 (QE) 持续时间和固定模式的差异,在两组之间.
主要方法:
- 使用眼睛追踪眼镜记录跳跃镜头期间的视觉行为.
- 收集关于静眼 (QE),固定次数,总固定时间和第一次/最后一次固定时间的数据.
- 分析了20名男性篮球运动员 (10名16岁以下的青少年,10名职业成年人) 在两个射击距离的数据.
主要成果:
- 与职业球员相比,16岁以下的球员在长距离和中距离的射击精度都较低.
- 专业球员表现出明显更长的静眼 (QE) 持续时间和总固定时间.
- 在最后的固定持续时间中观察到一个显著的差异,专业人士在拍摄前将目光保持更长时间.
结论:
- 篮球跳投中的视觉策略在初学者青年和专业成年球员之间有很大差异.
- 青少年球员可以通过采用视觉策略来提高射击性能,其中包括在释放球之前进行更长的最终固定.
- 这些发现为有针对性的培训干预提供了洞察力,以改善青少年篮球运动员的发展.
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