素食和素食饮食中的摄入量:系统性审查和元分析
Franziska V Bickelmann1, Michael F Leitzmann1, Markus Keller2
1Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Germany.
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition
|December 6, 2023
概括
植物性饮食很受欢迎,但素食主义者与素食主义者和杂食者相比,摄入量要低得多. 对素食主义者来说,监测状况至关重要,以确保足够的营养摄入量.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 饮食研究 饮食研究
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 植物性饮食,包括素食主义者和素食主义者,在全球范围内越来越受欢迎.
- 充足的微量营养素摄入量,特别是,在这些饮食模式中可能是一个问题.
- 系统性审查和元分析对于评估不同饮食中的摄入量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和对纯素和素食饮食中的摄入量进行元分析.
- 为了比较素食主义者,素食主义者和杂食者饮食模式之间的摄入量.
- 为了确定植物性饮食中潜在的营养差距.
主要方法:
- 来自PubMed和Web of Science的研究的系统审查和元分析.
- 纳入了74项研究,其中包括来自7356名素食者,51940名素食者和107581名杂食者的数据.
- 使用标准化平均差异 (SMD) 和95%置信区间 (CI) 的平均摄入值的组合分析.
主要成果:
- 素食者摄入的量明显低于素食者 (SMD = -0.57) 和食肉动物 (SMD = -0.70).
- 在素食者和食肉动物之间没有发现摄入量的统计学上显著差异 (SMD = 0.07).
- 分析包括跨不同饮食群体的大型样本.
结论:
- 素食饮食与素食和杂食饮食相比,与显著较低的摄入量有关.
- 这些发现强调了素食主义者积极监测自己的摄入量和状态的重要性.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索在植物性饮食中优化生物可用性的策略.
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