在哈萨克斯坦吸烟的香烟中的210Pb的活性
Yuliya Zaripova1, Vyacheslav Dyachkov2, Mirgul Bigeldiyeva2
1Faculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 054000, Almaty, Kazakhstan. zjkaznu2016@gmail.com.
Radiation and environmental biophysics
|December 6, 2023
概括
哈萨克斯坦香烟中的210 (Pb) 对健康构成重大风险. 吸烟者每年面临210Pb吸入的有效剂量,超过饮食摄入量多达58倍.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 辐射健康 辐射健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- -210 (Pb) 是一种天然存在的放射性同位素,也是的衰变产物.
- 已知Pb存在于烟草制品中,对吸烟者构成潜在的健康风险.
- 了解广泛消费的香烟品牌中210Pb的度对于评估辐射暴露至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定哈萨克斯坦受欢迎的香烟品牌中210Pb的活性度.
- 为了计算吸入的210Pb对吸烟者的有效辐射剂量.
- 为了比较吸烟的辐射剂量与饮食摄入的辐射剂量.
主要方法:
- 用β光谱测量6个流行香烟品牌的210Pb活性度.
- 进行了计算,以估计每天吸入的活性和最终的有效剂量.
- 吸入210Pb的肺保留率为42.13%,用于剂量计算.
主要成果:
- 每支香烟的Pb活性度从2.69 ± 0.27到27.42 ± 2.74 mBq不等.
- 一个品牌 (样本4) 显示了210Pb水平比世界平均水平高1.8倍.
- 平均210Pb活性为每支香烟的10.42±1.04 mBq.
- 吸烟者每天食用一包烟的年有效剂量在9.1 ± 0.9到92.8 ± 9.3μSv之间.
- 吸烟的吸入剂量是饮食中的放射性核素摄入剂量的7-58倍.
结论:
- 哈萨克斯坦的香烟吸烟对由于Pb的每年有效辐射剂量有很大的贡献.
- 每天抽一包香烟的有效剂量远高于饮食来源的典型剂量.
- 需要提高公众对吸烟相关的放射性风险的认识.
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