一个基于人口的电子收费,交通拥堵和不良出生结果的队列研究
Mary D Willis1, Lena Harris2, Erin J Campbell1
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
Environment international
|December 6, 2023
概括
在德克萨斯州,电子收费的实施对当地交通和婴儿健康结果的影响很小. 这项研究发现,在收费公路附近的收费与不良出生结果的改善之间几乎没有一致的关联.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 与交通相关的空气污染受到联邦监管,但当地减少拥堵的项目可能会给健康带来附带好处.
- 城市地区越来越多地采用电子收费系统来管理交通流量.
研究的目的:
- 量化电子收费实施与交通和婴儿健康局部变化之间的关联.
- 评估收费公路在收费公路附近对不利出生后果的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了德克萨斯州 (1999-2016) 的基于人口的出生队列,包括625,279次出生.
- 评估了住宅与收费公路的距离 (<0.5公里而不是2-5公里),以及在实施收费之前/之后的交通变化.
- 一个差异差异的设计比较了不同组之间的不良出生结果 (出生体重,低出生体重,早产).
主要成果:
- 在收费实施后,在当地交通中观察到的变化最小.
- 对于距离收费公路0.5公里以下的婴儿,几乎没有证据表明收费与婴儿健康不良结果 (及时出生体重,低出生体重,早产,非常早产) 有关.
- 一些证据表明,收费亭移除和早产之间存在较小的关联,但对于其他结果或收费类型而言没有.
结论:
- 德克萨斯州电子收费的实施与当地婴儿健康结果的改善几乎没有一致的关联.
- 调查结果表明,实施的收费项目可能不会产生与附近地区婴儿健康相关的重大公共卫生副效益.
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