营养不良显著影响了百岁老人的预后:一项前性研究,随访5年
Long Feng1, Wenji Chen2, Ting Yang3
1Department of Anesthesiology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China.
Clinical nutrition ESPEN
|December 6, 2023
概括
营养不良增加了中国百岁老人的死亡风险,特别是那些身体质量指数 (BMI) 较低的人. 解决营养不良问题对于改善老年人群的生存率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 人口老龄化是一个全球性挑战,需要采取干预措施来延长生存时间和降低死亡率.
- 营养状况对于健康的衰老至关重要,但它对百岁老人的生存的影响仍未得到充分研究.
- 预后营养指数 (PNI) 为评估营养不良及其与健康衰老的关联提供了一个工具.
研究的目的:
- 调查由PNI评估的营养不良对中国百岁老人死亡率和生存时间的影响.
- 在5年的随访期内分析营养状况和死亡率之间的关系.
- 提供旨在改善最老年人的寿命的营养干预措施的证据.
主要方法:
- 一项前性的5年后续研究,涉及中国海南省18个城市和县的423名百岁老人.
- 进行了家庭调查,以收集有关百岁老人的健康和营养状况的数据.
- 用预后营养指数 (PNI) 评估营养不良,并记录身体质量指数 (BMI).
主要成果:
- 在被研究的百岁老人中,营养不良的患病率为19.4%.
- 在随访期间死亡的百岁老人与幸存者相比,BMI显著降低,营养不良率更高 (P <0.05).
- 多变量考克斯回归显示,较低的BMI与降低的死亡率有关 (HR:0.913),而营养不良增加了死亡风险 (HR:2.630). 营养不良在百岁以上的人群中造成的死亡风险明显高,BMI<18.5公斤/平方米 (HR:4.401).
结论:
- 营养不良显著增加了中国百岁老人的死亡风险,特别是当伴随着低BMI (<18.5 kg/m2) 时.
- 营养评估和干预对于降低老年人死亡率和延长生存时间至关重要.
- 这项研究强调了解决营养不良问题的重要性,以促进健康的衰老和长寿.
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