转录因子支持大肌和形肌的双重胚胎起源
Timothy Dawson1, Joe Iwanaga2,3, Binghao Zou4
1Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada.
概括
这项研究使用免疫组织化学研究研究了梯形肌和cleidomastoid 肌肉的胚胎起源. 研究结果表明,这两种肌肉的起源是双重的,其他因素的潜在贡献.
科学领域:
- 人体解剖学 解剖学 解剖学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 形肌和形肌肌的胚胎起源在解剖学中仍然是一个长期存在的争论.
- 了解肌肉发育对于理解先天性疾病和解剖变异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究人类形肌和形肌肌的胚胎起源.
- 为了分析这些肌肉中的Pired-like homeodomain 2 (Pitx2) 和T-box factor 1 (Tbx1) 的表达模式.
主要方法:
- 人体尸体解剖和从形肌和形肌肌肌肉收集组织样本.
- 免疫组织化学 (IHC) 用于Tbx1和Pitx2表达分析.
- 使用QuPath软件 (v0.4.3) 对蛋白质染色的定量分析 (v0.4.3).
主要成果:
- 斯特诺克莱多马斯托肌的平均阳性染色为Tbx1的25%,Pitx2.2的18%.
- 梯形肌肌的平均正色彩为Tbx1的17%,Pitx2.2的15%.
- 观察到的染色模式表明,这两个肌肉群的双重胚胎起源.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了解剖学证据,支持形肌和形肌肌的双重起源.
- 这些发现表明,Pitx2和Tbx1不能解释观察到的蛋白质表达的全部,这表明其他发育因素也参与其中.
- 建议使用更大的样本大小进行进一步的研究,以验证这些发现,并充分阐明肌肉起源.
相关概念视频
Muscles that Move the Head
1.9K
The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
1.9K
Master Transcription Regulators
6.9K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
6.9K
Muscles of the Anterior Neck
1.7K
The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
1.7K
General Transcription Factors
5.3K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
5.3K
Muscles of the Shoulder
3.8K
The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
3.8K
Muscles for Facial Expressions
2.1K
The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
2.1K


