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硬小麦的耐热位点通过南北梯度定义

Amadou Tidiane Sall¹, Hafssa Kabbaj², Sidi Ould Ely Menoum³

¹Centre de Recherches Agricoles, Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Saint-Louis, Senegal.

The plant genome

|December 7, 2023

概括

全球硬小麦 (Triticum durum Desf.) 是一种全球硬小麦. 生产面临着热应激. 这项研究确定了三个关键的遗传基因位点,当它们结合起来时,在热应激下显著增加了16%的谷物产量 (GY),有助于为气候适应性进行育种.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
植物遗传学植物遗传学
适应气候变化适应气候变化

背景情况:

全球硬小麦 (Triticum durum Desf.) 是一种全球硬小麦. 生产日益受到频繁和严重的热应激事件的威胁.
高温对谷物产量 (GY) 有负面影响,每升高1°C就会导致谷物产量减少4.6%-6.3%.

研究的目的:

为了识别耐热的 durum wheat 生殖质.
为了确定与热耐受性相关的遗传标记,用于育种应用.

主要方法:

全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 在热应激条件下在三个生殖质面板 (发现,调查,验证) 上进行.
单核酸多态 (SNP) 用于分析遗传多样性和识别定量特征位置 (QTL).
从显著的SNP中开发了KASP标记,用于在育种计划中验证.

主要成果:

在发现小组中,发现了与目标特征相关的36个QTL,其中五个在各小组中得到确认.
发现三种添加位置 (Q.icd.Heat.003-1A,Q.icd.Heat.007-1B和Q.icd.Heat.016-3B) 在热应激下显著增强了GY.
这三个位点的阳性等位基因导致热应激下GY增加16%.
开发的KASP标记物解释了高达9%的热应激下GY的表型变异.

结论:

鉴定到的基因标记物为 durum小麦的育种提供了有价值的工具.
这些标志物可以加速气候适应性硬小麦品种的发展,在热带地区提高生产率.

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