通过与事件相关的潜力测量的神经认知奖励过程与过度饮食障碍诊断和生态评估行为有关
Glen Forester1, Lauren M Schaefer2, Jeffrey S Johnson3
1Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research, USA.
Appetite
|December 7, 2023
概括
患有过度饮食障碍 (BED) 的人对奖励的神经反应加剧. 然而,更大的暴饮暴食与食物奖励的"想要"增强,但"喜欢"减少有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 改变奖励处理是暴饮暴食障碍 (BED) 的关键因素.
- 在BED中潜在的奖励处理缺陷的特定神经认知机制仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究BED和对照个体之间的神经认知奖励处理差异.
- 为了检查神经奖励活动和BED中暴饮暴食严重程度之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在奖励任务中,40名BED和40名匹配的对照人接受了脑电图 (EEG).
- 参与者还完成了为期10天的生态瞬间评估 (EMA),以追踪暴饮暴食.
- 使用事件相关潜力 (ERP) 分析来评估神经活动.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,患有BED的个体表现出更强的预期性 (潜在负变化 - CNV) 和与食物和金钱奖励相关的 (奖励积极性 - RewP) 神经活动.
- 在BED组中,更高的暴饮暴食频率与更强的CNV但较弱的RewP相关,特别是对于食物奖励.
- 这些发现表明,BED的一般奖励灵敏度增强,严重程度与食物奖励处理中的特定变化有关.
结论:
- 预期 ("想要") 和结果 ("喜欢") 奖励过程在BED中似乎普遍加剧.
- 在BED中,障碍的严重程度可能涉及对食物的预期性奖励处理 ("想要") 的增加和奖励结果处理 ("喜欢") 的减少.
- 这些结果强调了奖励系统改变在BED病理生理学中的复杂作用.
相关概念视频
Binge Eating Disorders
73
Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
73
Bulimia Nervosa
87
Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
87


