综合作物和畜牧系统增加了气候变化适应和缓解能力
Mathieu Delandmeter1, Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho2, Carolina Bremm2
1Liege University, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Plant Sciences/Crop Science, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
The Science of the total environment
|December 7, 2023
概括
综合作物畜牧系统 (ICLS) 提高了农场的生产力和土壤碳. 适度的牧场强度可以提高系统对气候变化的适应性,提供可持续的农业解决方案.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候科学 气候科学
背景情况:
- 综合作物和畜牧系统 (ICLS) 对于可持续农业至关重要,它可以平衡高产量与环境保护.
- 复杂的作物-牧场-动物相互作用的有效管理对于ICLS的成功至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估放牧强度对农业生态系统生产力和土壤有机碳 (SOC) 的影响,在18年的ICLS实地实验中.
- 在历史和未来 (2040-2070,RCP8.5) 气候条件下建模ICLS性能.
主要方法:
- 在巴西进行了一项为期18年的实地实验,每年没有耕种的大豆牧场被肉牛放牧.
- 研究对比的放牧强度 (10,20,30,40厘米的剑高度) 和一个未被放牧的对照.
- 利用STICS土壤-作物模型,与现场数据验证,在不同的气候场景下模拟ICLS.
主要成果:
- 由于更高的养殖率和活体体重增加,总系统产量随着放牧强度的增加而增加.
- 适度和轻度放牧 (30和40厘米的剑高度) 在18年内最大限度地增加了土壤有机碳 (SOC).
- 在未来的气候变化下,所有ICLS处理都显示出提高了生产力和SOC,适度放牧产生了最佳结果.
结论:
- 在承载能力范围内,将食草动物添加到作物系统中,提高了应对气候变化的弹性和缓解潜力.
- 特别是在适度放牧的ICLS改善了农业生态系统的生产力和土壤碳捕获.
- ICLS表现出对气候变化的抵抗力增加,有利于草本生产和牲畜收益.
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