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在非矿物化骨纸上对骨细胞生物学的功能和分析回顾
Yongkuk Park1, Tadatoshi Sato2, Jungwoo Lee3,4,5
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
Nature communications
|December 7, 2023
概括
一个新的非矿物化骨纸平台准确地模拟了骨质细胞的行为,包括融合和裂变,有助于骨质疏松症药物开发. 这种骨检测平台提高了骨改造疗法临床结果的预测.
科学领域:
- 生物材料科学 生物材料科学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 药物开发 药物开发
背景情况:
- 骨质细胞是骨质疏松症治疗的关键点.
- 最近的发现强调了骨质细胞对骨质细胞生成的调节和骨质细胞寿命动态 (裂变,循环) 的骨质细胞调节.
- 现有的培养模型无法复制这些复杂的细胞过程.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个基于去矿化骨纸 (DBP) 的平台,用于骨质细胞培养和骨质细胞分析.
- 复制关键的骨质细胞行为:融合,裂变,再吸收和亡.
- 为了创建一个更具预测性的模型,骨头重塑药物开发.
主要方法:
- 制造一种以骨质体为灵感的DBP,用于骨质母细胞矿化.
- 骨质母细胞和骨髓单细胞的共同培养与生物化学刺激.
- 长度定量光监测骨质细胞对双酸盐治疗的反应.
- 在骨模型中证明人性化的可行性.
主要成果:
- 该DBP平台成功地复制了骨质细胞的融合,裂变,再吸收和亡,具有高保真度.
- 骨质细胞矿物沉积得到了骨质体启发的DBP的支持.
- 该模型允许对双酸盐的影响进行定量监测,显示骨质细胞数量和寿命减少.
- 证明了骨模型的人性化.
结论:
- 基于DBP的平台为研究骨质细胞生物学和功能提供了一个强大的工具.
- 这种新型测试平台可以改善对骨质疏松症和骨改造药物的临床结果的预测.
- 该模型能够复制复杂的细胞动态,这有助于促进骨疾病的药物发现.
相关概念视频
01:22The Functions of the Skeletal System
The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
01:30Bone Cells and Tissue
Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and...
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and...
01:18The Bone Matrix
Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...
01:29Bone Disorders
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
01:31Bone Remodeling and Repair
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
01:09Spongy Bone
All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...