帕金森病的动机活力需要对利沃多巴的短期和长期反应
James A Brissenden1, Teresa Scerbak2, Roger L Albin2,3
1Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
概括
帕金森病的布拉迪基尼西亚在多巴胺治疗中得到改善,但动机-活力合只能在结合的短期和长期反应中恢复. 这表明布拉迪基尼西亚不仅仅是由于动机缺陷.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 运动障碍 运动障碍
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 帕金森病 (PD) 具有布拉迪基尼西亚的特征,可能是由于动机-活力的合受损.
- 多巴胺替代疗法 (DRT) 有多方面的反应:短期反应 (SDR) 和长期反应 (LDR).
- 关于PD中的动机-活力合的先前研究使用了长期治疗的受试者,限制了对SDR和LDR角色的理解.
研究的目的:
- 在新发帕金森病患者中区分SDR和LDR对动机-活力合的影响.
- 研究急性和慢性勒沃多巴 (l-dopa) 治疗如何影响运动性能和奖励反应.
主要方法:
- 在基线,急性l-dopa (SDR) 后,以及在慢性治疗后的"关闭" (LDR) 和"启动" (LDR + SDR) 状态下研究了11名新生PD患者.
- 使用MDS-UPDRS和激励式操纵杆任务来评估电机性能,测量对不同奖励的反应.
主要成果:
- 莱沃多巴诱导了强的SDR和LDR,在SDR + LDR组合状态下进一步增长.
- 试验对象在基线时没有增加运动速度,获得更高的奖励,没有SDR,也没有单独使用LDR.
- 只有在联合SDR+LDR状态下才观察到动机-活力合的恢复.
结论:
- 用SDR和LDR改善运动性能表明,布拉迪基尼西亚不仅仅是由于缺乏动机调节.
- 这些发现为多巴胺治疗对帕金森病症状的复杂影响提供了新的见解.
- 该研究强调了在PD治疗中考虑DRT的急性和慢性影响的重要性.
相关概念视频
01:24Parkinson's Disease: Treatment
274
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
274
01:15Parkinson's Disease: Overview
556
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
556
01:28Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists
336
Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
336
01:20Motor Unit Stimulation
1.6K
When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
1.6K
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents
594
Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
594
01:11Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses
748
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists have many therapeutic uses in various medical fields. Choline esters, including acetylcholine, have limited clinical utility due to their non-selectivity and short duration of action. Still, acetylcholine and carbachol are applied topically during ophthalmologic surgery to induce miosis. Pilocarpine, a muscarinic and ganglionic stimulator, effectively treats open-angle glaucoma and alleviates xerostomia and dry mouth caused by radiotherapy or Sjögren...
748