努力食任务揭示了人类认知和身体努力成本的个体差异之间的正相关性
Laura A Bustamante1,2, Temitope Oshinowo1, Jeremy R Lee1
1Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544.
概括
这项研究揭示了认知和身体努力成本是相关的,这表明共享处理. 一些个人表现出追求努力的行为,更喜欢挑战而不是更简单的选择.
科学领域:
- 决策神经科学 决策神经科学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 基于努力的决策需要平衡奖励与成本,包括认知和身体的努力.
- 在决策过程中认知和身体努力之间的确切关系仍然不清楚.
- 了解这些努力领域对于解释复杂的人类选择至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过个人差异方法来研究基于努力的决策背后的计算过程.
- 要量化与认知和身体努力在一个食任务相关的成本.
- 检查认知和身体努力领域之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 努力食任务的开发,将认知或身体的努力嵌入到补丁食范式中.
- 通过分析参与者的食选择和退出门来间接量化努力成本.
- 应用正统相关性分析,将任务指标与自我报告的影响和动机联系起来.
主要成果:
- 退出门对认知和身体劳动需求都表现出敏感性,允许货币量化感知劳动成本.
- 一部分参与者表现出寻求努力的行为,与之前的发现相反.
- 认知和身体努力成本的个体差异是正相关的,表明共享的感知和处理.
- 认知努力与焦虑,认知功能,行为激活和自我效能相关,而身体努力没有显示类似的关联.
结论:
- 认知和身体努力成本是相互关联的,可能通过共同的机制来处理.
- 努力食任务有效量化了努力成本,并揭示了努力寻找的趋势.
- 努力感知和动机的个体差异与认知相关,但不是身体的,努力需求.
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