在1型糖尿病的进展过程中跟踪基于DNA的抗原特异性T细胞受体
Angela M Mitchell1, Erin E Baschal1, Kristen A McDaniel1
1Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
Science advances
|December 8, 2023
概括
研究人员确定了与1型糖尿病 (T1D) 相关的特定T细胞受体 (TCR) 序列. 这些针对小岛抗原的TCR在T1D患者中更为频繁,这表明它们有可能成为自身免疫性疾病的生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 自免疫性疾病,如1型糖尿病 (T1D),涉及T细胞向自我蛋白.
- T细胞受体 (TCR) 识别了由主要基因相容性复合体 (MHC) 分子呈现的片.
- 以前已经确定了T1D患者血液和胰腺小岛的TCR.
研究的目的:
- 追踪已知的抗原特异性TCR序列在T1D风险和已诊断的个体中.
- 在纵向样本中调查小岛抗原和病毒反应性TCR的存在和频率.
- 确定与疾病相关的TCR序列是否可以作为自身免疫性疾病的生物标志物.
主要方法:
- 大量TCRβ测序是在纵向血液DNA样本上进行的.
- 从患有T1D的风险人群,匹配的对照人群和新发T1D患者中采集了样本.
- 追踪了1700个已知的抗原特异性TCR序列 (小岛或病毒反应性).
主要成果:
- 在所有三个队列中都发现了共享和频繁的抗原特定TCRβ序列.
- 在所有年龄段的个体中检测到病毒反应性TCR序列.
- 73小岛抗原TCRβ序列在T1D样本中的频率和数量明显高于对照组.
- 岛屿特异性TCR的积累模式因危险人群中的抗原特异性而异.
- 与疾病相关的TCRβ序列的数量与诊断时的年龄相反相关.
结论:
- 针对小岛抗原的特定T细胞受体序列与1型糖尿病有关.
- 这些TCR的频率和数量可以区分T1D患者和对照人群.
- 与疾病相关的TCR序列显示出作为T1D等自身免疫疾病的预测生物标志物的潜力.
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