预防性癌症疫苗:拉丁美洲HBV和HPV疫苗的开发和挑战
Laura Ximena Ramírez-López1, Martha Carnalla-Cortés2, Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutiérrez3
1Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Boyacá. Tunja, Colombia. Doctorado en Salud Pública, Escuela de Salud Pública de México. Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.. laura.ramirez@insp.edu.mx.
Salud publica de Mexico
|December 8, 2023
概括
乙型肝炎 (HBV) 和人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗可以预防癌症,但在普遍儿童免疫接种和公平接种方面面临挑战,特别是在拉丁美洲.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 和人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗是20世纪末开发的安全,有效的癌症预防工具.
- 乙型肝炎病毒疫苗可以预防肝癌,而HPV疫苗可以预防宫癌和其他与HPV有关的癌症.
研究的目的:
- 描述HBV和HPV疫苗的开发过程.
- 讨论在拉丁美洲实现公平接种疫苗的挑战.
主要方法:
- 对HBV和HPV的疫苗开发时间表的审查.
- 分析拉丁美洲当前的疫苗接种率和接种挑战.
主要成果:
- 尽管可用时间长 (HBV:>40年,HPV:17年),但儿童普遍的HBV免疫接种和广泛的HPV疫苗接种仍然具有挑战性.
- 宫癌率高的国家往往表现出HPV疫苗接种率最低的国家.
结论:
- 公平获得HBV和HPV疫苗对于全球癌症预防至关重要.
- 显著的障碍阻碍了拉丁美洲的普遍免疫接种和公平的疫苗分配.
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