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Jinhui Zhou¹, José M Mogollón¹, Peter M van Bodegom¹

¹Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.

The Science of the total environment

|December 8, 2023

概括

营养管理效率低下会导致肥胖,威胁水生生物. 这项研究开发了区域因素,以评估和对淡水鱼类的影响,强调人口密地区和营养有限地区的风险.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
欧洲化研究研究欧洲化研究
水生生态学水生生态学

背景情况:

全球营养物质管理不善,特别是 (P) 和 (N),提高了水生生态系统的营养物质负载,导致了优化.
幼化对生物多样性构成重大威胁,影响淡水和沿海环境中的物种生存.
现有的评估往往缺乏区域特异性,可能低估了营养污染的局部影响.

研究的目的:

以高分辨率 (0.5 × 0.5 度) 开发淡水缩的区域化特征因子 (CF).
评估P和N排放对全球和区域淡水鱼类物种丧失的影响.
调查排放途径 (直接,扩散,侵蚀) 和营养限制对优化影响的影响.

主要方法:

创建区域化CF,考虑不同的排放命运:直接淡水排放,分散的下水和农业侵蚀.
整合全球灭绝概率来量化全球物种丧失的CF.
分析P和N对淡水鱼类的影响,比较考虑和不考虑营养有限的水生系统的结果.

主要成果:

对淡水鱼类的P和N影响的表征因子在人口密集的地区显著更高,特别是那些有大湖或主要河流源的地区.
考虑到营养限制,与不考虑它的模型相比,P (51.9%) 和N (49.5%) 的国家级CF显著增加.
这项研究提供了空间显式的CF,揭示了优化风险的地理差异.

结论:

在环境评估中,P和N排放对淡水环保的影响是关键考虑因素.
确定特定地区的限制性营养素对于准确的生命周期影响评估至关重要.
区域化,高分辨率的表征因素对于理解和减轻营养污染对水生生态系统的影响至关重要.

关键词:

生物多样性的丧失.环境影响环境影响环境影响欧洲化是什么意思?淡水生态系统淡水生态系统生命周期影响评估生命周期影响评估种类丰富性种类丰富性

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相关概念视频

The Phosphorus Cycle

The Phosphorus Cycle

Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.

Primary Production

Primary Production

The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.

What are Biogeochemical Cycles?

What are Biogeochemical Cycles?

The most common elements in organic molecules, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus, are only available in the ecosystem in limited amounts. Therefore, these nutrients must be recycled through both biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem, in processes generally called biogeochemical cycles.

What is an Ecosystem?

What is an Ecosystem?