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超重和肥胖的肠道微生物群:与脂肪组织交叉交叉
Patrice D Cani1,2,3, Matthias Van Hul4,5
1Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. Patrice.cani@uclouvain.be.
Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology
|December 8, 2023
概括
肠道微生物群通过调节白色和棕色脂肪组织中的热生成途径来影响能量平衡. 微生物代谢物调节脂肪组织发育和代谢功能,为肥胖提供潜在的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 代谢生理学 代谢生理学
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 脂肪组织生物学 脂肪组织生物学
背景情况:
- 超重和肥胖是能量失衡的结果,白色脂肪组织 (WAT) 和棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 的热生成是关键调节者.
- 人们越来越认识到肠道微生物群是影响宿主新陈代谢和能量恒温的关键环境因素.
- 在无细菌和接受抗生素治疗的小鼠身上进行的研究表明,微生物群在调节脂肪组织质量方面的作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查WAT和BAT在能源支出中的生理作用.
- 阐明肠道细菌及其代谢物影响脂肪组织生理和代谢的机制.
- 讨论利用微生物群与宿主相互作用来治疗肥胖的转化挑战.
主要方法:
- 对肠道微生物群,脂肪组织热生成和代谢调节研究的文献综述.
- 分析涉及微生物代谢物 (如SCFA,LPS,内分泌素) 和它们的受体的信号通路.
- 讨论实验模型和临床翻译挑战.
主要成果:
- 肠道微生物群的组成和代谢物显著影响WAT色/白色化和BAT活动.
- 来自微生物群的分子,如脂多糖,短链脂肪酸和胆酸,调节脂肪组织功能.
- 特定的信号通路和宿主受体调解这些微生物群-脂肪组织相互作用.
结论:
- 肠道微生物群是能量平衡的关键调节者,通过其对脂肪组织热生成和新陈代谢的影响.
- 针对肠道微生物群衍生代谢物及其信号通路,为控制肥胖症提供了一个有前途的治疗策略.
- 需要进行翻译性研究,以弥合基本发现和肥胖治疗的临床应用之间的差距.
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