免疫疗法时代可切除节点阳性默克尔细胞癌中的辅助辐射:对未来和正在进行的试验的影响
Paul Riviere1,2, Anna M Dornisch1, Parag Sanghvi1
1Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Cancers
|December 9, 2023
概括
默克尔细胞癌 (MCC) 治疗正在通过免疫疗法发展. 辅助放射治疗 (RT) 对于预防节点阳性MCC的局部区域复发至关重要,特别是在阶段迁移的情况下.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 辐射瘤学 辐射瘤学
背景情况:
- 默克尔细胞癌 (MCC) 是一种罕见但具有攻击性的皮肤癌.
- 节点阳性MCC患者在经过手术切除和辅助放射治疗 (RT) 后历史上面临着局部和远程复发的高风险.
- 新兴的免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 疗法正在研究以改善结果,但它们与RT的整合需要仔细考虑.
研究的目的:
- 分析辅助放射治疗 (RT) 在结节阳性默克尔细胞癌 (MCC) 治疗范式不断变化的背景下的影响.
- 评估新的诊断技术和免疫治疗试验如何影响RT在预防复发中的作用的解释.
- 为正在进行和未来的临床试验的设计和解释提供信息,涉及MCC的免疫疗法.
主要方法:
- 对结节阳性MCC的历史数据和最近的临床试验结果 (例如,ADMEC-O,CHECKMATE 358) 的审查.
- 分析治疗策略,包括手术切除,辅助RT和新辅助/辅助免疫疗法.
- 评估由于先进的诊断技术而导致的阶段迁移.
主要成果:
- 在历史上,辅助性RT可以减少节点阳性MCC的局部区域复发.
- 在最近的免疫疗法试验中,辅助性RT的使用率较低,可能会掩盖免疫疗法的真正效果,并可能增加复发率.
- 阶段性迁移需要重新评估地方区域的复发预防优先事项.
结论:
- 辅助性RT仍然是预防节点阳性MCC局部复发的关键组成部分,即使免疫疗法取得了进展.
- 仔细考虑RT利用对于准确解释免疫疗法试验结果至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该确定可以在接受免疫治疗时安全地省略RT的患者子组.
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