米中的非生物压力:探访生理反应及其耐受机制
Bhaskar Sarma1, Hamdy Kashtoh2, Tensangmu Lama Tamang2
1Department of Botany, Dhemaji College, Dhemaji 787057, Assam, India.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 9, 2023
概括
米植物采用防御机制来抵御干旱和热等非生物压力,这些压力会影响产量和质量. 了解这些反应是开发适应性大米品种的关键,以实现全球粮食安全.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 米 (Oryza sativa L.) 是全球至关重要的主食,支持超过30亿人的生活.
- 全球气候变化和非生物压力 (干旱,热,寒,盐,沉浸,重金属) 严重威胁到大米生产和谷物质量.
- 无生物应激通过减少光合作用,化,叶子枯和细胞结构损伤损害大米.
研究的目的:
- 审查米植物对抗多种非生物压力的形态,生化和生理防御机制.
- 突出米在压力下质量恶化的分子和生理基础.
- 为培育耐压米品种的发展提供信息.
主要方法:
- 本综述综合了现有关于大米植物对各种非生物压力因素的反应的研究.
- 它检查了已记录的形态,生化和生理适应.
- 该审查分析了压力诱导的损害和防御策略.
主要成果:
- 无生物应激会引起负面影响,如光合作用效率降低,口腔导电能力受损,细胞损伤 (化,色,亡).
- 米植物表现出复杂的反应,包括口腔调整,叶子滚动,活性氧基 (ROR) 生产和抗氧化系统的激活.
- 生物化学和生理适应包括应激酶,溶体,离子载体和排毒过程.
结论:
- 米植物拥有多方面的防御机制,以减轻非生物压力影响.
- 了解这些适应性策略对于培育具有对环境挑战更强的品种至关重要.
- 开发多重压力耐受性大米对于维持全球粮食安全至关重要.
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