德国老年人的能力和相关因素. 来自GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS的结果
Laura Krause1, Stefanie Seeling2, Anja Schienkiewitz2
1Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, General-Pape-Str. 62-66, Berlin, 12101, Germany. KrauseL@rki.de.
BMC oral health
|December 9, 2023
概括
五分之一的老年人经历了能力的降低,影响了他们的生活质量和社会参与. 诸如年龄,社会经济地位和健康问题等因素有助于这种共同的局限性,突出了全面预防策略的必要性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 口腔健康 口腔健康
背景情况:
- 口腔健康对老年人的整体健康,生活质量和社会互动至关重要.
- 能力显著影响老年人的社会参与能力和整体幸福感.
研究的目的:
- 调查德国老年人口中能力减弱的患病率.
- 确定与55岁及以上个体困难相关的社会人口统计学,健康,行为和护理相关因素.
主要方法:
- 采用了来自德国健康更新 (GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS) 调查的数据,这是一个具有全国代表性的样本.
- 对55岁以上的参与者进行了电话采访,询问他们对咬食和硬食品的困难.
- 采用日志-波松回归来计算患病率,并确定减少能力的相关因素.
主要成果:
- 在55岁以上的成年人中,有20.0%的人表示能力下降 (14.5%有轻微困难,5.5%有重大困难).
- 关键的相关因素包括年龄较大,社会经济地位较低,健康限制,抑郁症状,吸烟,牙科利用率较低和未满足的牙科护理需求.
- 在能力限制方面没有观察到显著的性别差异.
结论:
- 减少能力是德国老年人中普遍存在的功能限制.
- 预防策略必须采用整体方法,考虑老年人的环境和医疗保健背景.
- 保持能力对于促进健康的衰老,提高生活质量和支持社会参与至关重要.
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