智力障碍者获得公平和可访问的医疗保健知情同意程序:系统性文献审查
Manjekah Dunn1,2, Iva Strnadová3,4,5, Jackie Leach Scully4
1Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia manjekah.dunn@unsw.edu.au.
BMJ quality & safety
|December 10, 2023
概括
智力障碍者获得医疗保健同意的障碍包括沟通不良和无法获取信息. 改善临床医生的培训和可访问的资源可以加强公平和可访问的医疗保健同意流程.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健伦理学 医疗保健伦理
- 知识障碍研究 智力障碍研究
- 在知情同意研究中,研究人员研究了知情同意.
背景情况:
- 医疗保健同意是一项基本权利,但平等的获取仍然是智障人士面临的挑战.
- 系统性障碍和沟通缺口往往阻碍了这一群体的知情同意过程.
研究的目的:
- 识别那些作为障碍物或促进智力残疾人获得医疗保健同意的因素.
- 确定使医疗保健同意过程更公平,更容易获得的战略.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (Embase,MEDLINE,PsychINFO,PubMed,SCOPUS,Web of Science,CINAHL) 中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 包括1990年以后发表的经过同行评审的原始研究,涉及智力障碍的成年参与者.
- 采用了诱导性主题分析,研究结果被智力残疾人验证.
主要成果:
- 分析了23项研究 (1999-2020年),包括定性,定量和混合方法研究.
- 六个主要主题出现了:卫生专业人员的态度/教育,可访问的信息,支持人员的参与,系统限制,以人为中心的同意和有效的沟通.
- 主题确定了障碍 (专业态度,信息获取,系统性问题) 和推动因素 (以人为本的方法,沟通).
结论:
- 当前的医疗保健系统对智障人士有效的知情同意构成多重障碍.
- 建议包括加强临床医生的知情同意培训,共同制作可访问的信息,并开展进一步的包容性研究.
相关概念视频
Nurses' Legal Responsibilities I
749
In healthcare, informed consent is a crucial process that involves thoroughly communicating medical treatment options to patients, including benefits, risks, potential side effects, and alternatives. This process enables patients to make well-informed decisions about their care, ensuring they understand the implications of their choices before consenting to or refusing treatment.
The legal responsibilities of a nurse regarding informed consent include the following:
The legal responsibilities of a nurse regarding informed consent include the following:
749
Nursing Ethical Principles II
983
Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's...
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's...
983
Intellectual Disability
56
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
56
Standards of Care II
656
Nurses bear specific legal responsibilities under several federal statutes, including:
656
Ethical Standards I
819
The American Nurses Association (ANA) created and implemented the first nationally accepted Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements. The Code of Ethics is a living document regularly updated by the ANA and establishes an ethical standard that is non-negotiable for nurses in all roles and settings.
The Code of Ethics provisions outline the nurse's duty to the patient, the healthcare team, the profession, and society. The Code's fundamental principles include advocacy,...
The Code of Ethics provisions outline the nurse's duty to the patient, the healthcare team, the profession, and society. The Code's fundamental principles include advocacy,...
819
Ethical Dilemmas II
1.1K
Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:
1.1K


