绘制美国各地多尺度繁殖鸟类物种分布的地图,并评估它们的保护应用
Kathleen A Carroll1, Anna M Pidgeon1, Paul R Elsen2
1Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
概括
这项研究使用整体模型生成了美国各地的细度鸟类分布地图,揭示了堆叠和协会地图之间的高度相关性,但突出了保护计划的数据限制. 这些地图有助于单个物种和社区的保护工作.
科学领域:
- 生态与保护生物学 生态与保护生物学
- 空间建模 空间建模
- 生物多样性评估评估
背景情况:
- 物种分布模型 (SDM) 对保护至关重要,但数据稀缺性限制了地图的制作和验证.
- 现有的社区级地图往往缺乏关键的生态信息,例如竞争性排斥.
- 多物种,协会或社区模型经常被用于保护实践,以解决这些差距.
研究的目的:
- 为北美繁殖鸟类调查 (BBS) 物种 (1992-2019) 创建精细规模,空间连续,全国分布图.
- 将堆叠的单个物种模型中的物种丰富性模式与功能性协会模型中的物种丰富性模式进行比较.
- 评估这些地图对单个物种和社区级保护决策的有用性.
主要方法:
- 在美国境内,为0.5,2.5和5公里分辨率的个别鸟类种类开发了集体SDM.
- 将堆叠物种分布模型 (SSDM) 丰富度模式与来自19个功能协会的财富模式进行了比较.
- 利用了北美繁殖鸟类调查 (BBS) 的数据,涵盖了1992年至2019年的时间.
主要成果:
- 成功建模了192种5公里,160种2.5公里,80种0.5公里分辨率的物种,尽管由于数据限制,这仅占BBS物种的28%-56%.
- 在不同分辨率的堆叠地图和协会地图之间发现了很高的相关性 (中位数 = 84%).
- 观察到空间协议的区域差异,在5公里分辨率的东和西之间最明显,强调需要空间验证.
结论:
- 产生的物种分布图对于单个物种的保护和全国的微细决策非常有价值.
- 协会地图提供互补的社区层面的见解,在与物种地图一起使用时改善保护规划.
- 数据稀缺性仍然是使用BBS数据建模许多受保护关注的物种的一个重大挑战.
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