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模拟珊瑚礁中的微塑料捕获效率和水力动力学:物理实验调查

Freija Mendrik¹, Robert C Houseago², Christopher R Hackney³

¹Energy and Environment Institute, University of Hull, UK; International Marine Litter Research Unit, University of Plymouth, UK; School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, UK.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

|December 10, 2023

概括

珊瑚礁捕获了大量的微塑料,在实验珊瑚上观察到79-98%的保留率. 水力动力学和珊瑚密度影响这些脆弱的沿海生态系统中的微塑料沉积和积累.

科学领域:

海洋生物学海洋生物学
环境科学环境科学
流体动力学流体动力学

背景情况:

像珊瑚礁这样的沿海生态系统面临着来自河流和海岸线的微塑料污染.
了解珊瑚礁中的微塑料沉积,保留和运输,特别是关于水力动力学的理解至关重要,但尚未得到充分探索.

研究的目的:

实验性地研究人工鹿角珊瑚 (Acropora属) 的微塑料保留.
分析不同单向流速和珊瑚树冠密度对微塑料捕获的影响.

主要方法:

利用3D打印的分支珊瑚来模拟鹿角珊瑚的结构.
在受控的单向流量条件 (0.15-0.30 m/s) 和两个树冠密度 (15和48颗珊瑚/m2) 下进行了实验.
在珊瑚树冠和裸体基板上量化微塑料的保留.

主要成果:

在高流速 (0.25-0.30 m/s) 时,珊瑚树冠表现出高微塑料保留率 (79-98%),明显超过裸床保留率 (10-13%).
与流量最高的稀疏天窗相比,更密集的天窗只显示了微塑料保留的边际增加 (15%).
确定了三种主要的捕获机制:粒子拦截,沉积和唤醒积累,通过流体结构相互作用调节,减少天花板内速度和增加流.

结论:

珊瑚礁结构,特别是它们的水力动力学和树冠密度,显著影响了微塑料的保留.
这些发现凸显了珊瑚系统作为显著的微塑料污染沉降器的潜力.
结果为珊瑚礁环境中微塑料积累对生态的影响提供了关键的见解.

关键词:

沿海生态系统的生态系统水力动力学是指水力动力学.海洋的天花板是海洋的天窗.微塑料是一种微塑料.颗粒捕捉技术可以捕捉颗粒.

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