时间,不确定性和低于最佳的选择
Alejandro Macías1, Valeria V González2, Armando Machado3
1Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
Behavioural processes
|December 10, 2023
概括
子经常选择信息而不是更高的食物机会. 延迟结果信息减少了这种偏好,这表明立即的明确性推动了他们的次优选择.
科学领域:
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 动物认知动物的认知能力.
- 在不确定性下做决定
背景情况:
- 子表现出对信息线索的偏好,而不是更高的奖励概率.
- 这种偏好甚至在信息化选项总体成功率较低的情况下也被观察到.
研究的目的:
- 调查即时结果是否影响子对信息线索的偏好.
- 探索时机在决策和信息搜索中的作用.
主要方法:
- 通过使用选择范式与子进行了两项实验.
- 选择和结果清晰度之间的延迟 (t) 被操纵.
- 刺激SG (食物) 和SR (没有食物) 呈现了不同的持续时间.
主要成果:
- 对信息化选项的偏好随着延迟 (t) 的增加而下降.
- 延迟的效果在延迟"总是食物"刺激 (SG) 时更加明显.
- 这表明,信息的直接性对于观察到的偏好至关重要.
结论:
- 这些发现表明,信息的立即可用性,而不仅仅是它的存在,驱动着子对信息线索的偏好.
- 结果对理解非最佳选择行为和决策模型中的信息搜索有影响.
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