细胞外囊泡和从小鼠癌细胞中同隔离的内源性逆转录病毒对树突细胞有不同的影响
Federico Cocozza1,2, Lorena Martin-Jaular1,3, Lien Lippens4
1INSERM U932, Institut Curie Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
The EMBO journal
|December 11, 2023
概括
瘤细胞释放出细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 和纳米粒子 (ENPs). 研究人员将它们分开,发现小EV诱导细胞死亡,而EV/病毒样颗粒混合物增强了免疫细胞的成熟.
科学领域:
- 细胞外囊泡 (EV) 和纳米粒子 (ENP) 研究.
- 免疫学和癌症生物学.
- 病毒学和细胞间通信.
背景情况:
- 细胞释放细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 和参与细胞间通信的非囊泡细胞外纳米粒子 (ENPs).
- 来自瘤的EV在免疫原始化或抑制中扮演了有意义的角色,这表明了功能变异性.
- 不同的功能可能源于EV亚型和ENP中的不同组成.
研究的目的:
- 描述从小鼠瘤细胞系分泌的EVs和ENPs的数组.
- 调查分离的EV亚型,病毒样粒子 (VLPs) 和ENP在免疫细胞相互作用中的不同作用.
- 澄清这些分泌的颗粒对瘤进展的贡献.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种协议,将小EV与病毒样粒子 (VLPs) 和非膀外细胞纳米粒子 (ENPs) 分离.
- 孤立颗粒类型的蛋白质组成比较.
- 分析了粒子类型与树突细胞的功能相互作用.
主要成果:
- 在许多瘤细胞的EV制剂中确定了内源性小鼠白血病病毒样颗粒 (VLPs).
- 非膀外细胞纳米粒子 (ENPs) 捕获不良,对树突细胞没有影响.
- 小型EV诱导了特定的树突细胞死亡,而混合EV/VLP制剂增强了树突细胞成熟和抗原呈现.
结论:
- 瘤细胞的秘密体含有复杂的EV,VLP和ENP混合物.
- 分离和功能分析揭示了小型EV和含有VLP的制剂的独特免疫调节作用.
- 需要系统地对来自小鼠瘤的非病毒性EV和VLP进行重新评估,以了解它们对瘤进展的贡献.
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