腹部海马内部神经元控制着上下文关联的灭绝和复发
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|December 11, 2023
概括
消灭已学会的关联需要新记忆与旧记忆相竞争. 室内海马体内静止体内神经元 (SST-INs) 关闭恐惧和奖励记忆的表达,这对行为灵活性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
- 记忆研究 记忆研究
背景情况:
- 语境关联对于生存至关重要,但当环境发生变化时必须更新.
- 学习的关联和行为控制的灭绝背后的神经机制仍然不清楚.
- 灭绝通常被看作是一种与原始记忆竞争的新记忆的形成.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究建立记忆和灭绝记忆之间的竞争背后的神经机制.
- 确定前额叶皮层和海马体中涉及到记忆灭绝的特定神经元群.
- 确定特定内部神经元亚型在关闭灭绝行为表达中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在动物模型中利用了上下文恐惧调节和灭绝范式.
- 在记忆检索过程中,在前额叶皮层和腹部海马体记录了神经活动模式.
- 采用光遗传技术来操纵特定内部神经元群体 (体静止素表达内部神经元和帕瓦胺表达内部神经元) 的活性.
- 评估光遗传学操纵后的行为反应 (恐惧表达).
主要成果:
- 在恐惧调节与灭绝的检索过程中,在前额叶皮和腹部海马体中观察到神经活动的明显模式.
- 在灭绝检索期间,在腹部CA1区域激活体静止素表达内部神经元 (SST-INs) 是首选观察到的.
- 对SST-INs的光遗传激活,但不是对蛋白内部神经元 (PV-INs),在灭绝后双向改变了恐惧表达.
- SST-INs对恐惧的封锁效应是特定于灭绝训练环境的环境.
- 在涉及食欲 (奖励) 记忆的灭绝范式中观察到类似的发现.
结论:
- 腹腔海马SST-IN在以前学习的关联的灭绝中发挥着关键作用.
- 这些内部神经元作为一个门,控制厌恶和食欲反应的复发.
- SST-IN对于行为灵活性和适应不断变化的环境条件至关重要.
相关概念视频
Role of Hippocampus in Memory
264
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
264
Role of Amygdala in Memory
239
The amygdala is a small, almond-shaped structure responsible for processing and storing memories, particularly those linked to emotions like fear and stress. It plays an essential role in the brain's response to emotionally significant events and often enhances memory formation by triggering stress hormone release. The amygdala is vital for encoding and retrieving memories associated with fear or stress, a process that is adaptive by helping organisms avoid dangerous situations.
One of the...
One of the...
239
Principles of Classical Conditioning
665
Classical conditioning, as described by Ivan Pavlov, is a foundational concept in associative learning, where a neutral stimulus becomes capable of eliciting a conditioned response through association with an unconditioned stimulus. The process of acquisition, where this learning occurs, and the subsequent phenomena of contiguity, contingency, generalization, discrimination, extinction, and spontaneous recovery are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of classical conditioning.
During the...
During the...
665
Interference and Decay
143
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
143
Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction
570
Generalization, discrimination, and extinction are key concepts in operant conditioning that influence how behaviors are learned and maintained.
Generalization occurs when a behavior reinforced in one context is performed in similar situations. For instance, a student who studies diligently for calculus and receives excellent grades might apply the same study habits to psychology and history, expecting similar results. Generalization shows how learning in one setting can influence behavior in...
Generalization occurs when a behavior reinforced in one context is performed in similar situations. For instance, a student who studies diligently for calculus and receives excellent grades might apply the same study habits to psychology and history, expecting similar results. Generalization shows how learning in one setting can influence behavior in...
570
Instinctive Drift
225
Instinctive drift refers to the tendency of animals to revert to their innate behaviors despite repeated reinforcement. Breland and Breland demonstrated this concept in an experiment with a raccoon. The raccoon was trained to pick up two coins and place them in a container in exchange for food. Initially, the raccoon learned to associate the coins with food, making them a conditioned stimulus or a substitute for food. However, over time, the raccoon became less willing to put the coins into the...
225


