冬季供暖价格对死亡率的影响
Janjala Chirakijja1, Seema Jayachandran2, Pinchuan Ong3
1Monash University, Australia.
概括
较低的家庭供暖价格减少了冬季死亡,特别是由于心脏和肺部疾病. 天然气价格的大幅下跌每年避免了成千上万的死亡,对贫穷社区的影响更大.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 寒冷暴露导致美国冬季死亡率高峰.
- 家庭供暖价格上可能导致供暖使用量减少,寒冷暴露率增加.
- 社会经济因素可能会影响人们对供暖价格影响的脆弱性.
研究的目的:
- 研究美国家庭供暖价格与死亡率之间的关系.
- 量化能源价格波动对冬季死亡率的影响.
- 确定受供暖价格影响的特定死亡原因.
主要方法:
- 家庭供暖能源 (如天然气,电力) 的利用空间变化.
- 国家天然气和电力价格的使用时间变化.
- 分析死亡率数据,重点关注冬季月份和特定的死亡原因.
主要成果:
- 家庭供暖价格的下降与冬季死亡率的降低有关.
- 心血管和呼吸道死亡原因受到最严重的影响.
- 天然气价格下降了42%,每年可以避免约12,500人死亡.
- 供暖价格对死亡率的影响在高贫困社区更为明显.
结论:
- 家庭供暖价格是美国冬季死亡率的一个重要决定因素.
- 能源价格政策,特别是影响天然气的能源价格政策,对公众健康有重大影响.
- 缓解供暖成本影响的干预措施至关重要,特别是对于弱势,低收入人群.
相关概念视频
Decreased Body Temperature
620
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
620
Masonry in Cold and Hot Weather Conditions
88
In cold weather, masonry construction requires specific precautions to ensure mortar does not freeze before curing, as this can significantly weaken its strength and watertightness. Mortar temperature should be maintained between 60°F and 80°F to support proper hydration and curing. Below 40°F, mortar water must be heated, but should not exceed 120°F as high temperatures can reduce mortar's compressive and bond strength.
Other key practices include keeping masonry units...
Other key practices include keeping masonry units...
88
Factors Affecting Body Temperature
4.2K
As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may include:
Factors may include:
4.2K
Global Climate Change
24.4K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.4K
Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.5K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.5K
Biological Effects of Radiation
15.5K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
15.5K


