定义老年人的特殊认知:认知超级衰老的系统性审查
Alice Powell1, Zara A Page1, Jacqueline C T Close2,3
1Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.
International journal of geriatric psychiatry
|December 11, 2023
概括
定义认知超级衰老需要共识. 大多数研究重点关注与年轻人相比的记忆,但在定义特殊认知和跟踪随时间变化方面存在差异.
科学领域:
- 老年学和认知神经科学
- 神经退行性疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- 对认知超衰老的一致定义对于推进健康衰老和神经退行性疾病预防研究至关重要.
- 超级衰老研究旨在了解认知性,并确定有助于在晚年成功维持认知能力的因素.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估现有的"超级衰老"定义,特别关注认知表现.
- 在科学文献中确定认知超衰老的定义的共同点和差异.
主要方法:
- 在主要的科学数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,PsycINFO,Google Scholar) 中进行了全面的系统文献搜索.
- 该搜索涵盖了从数据库开始到2023年7月24日的老年人认知超级衰老的研究.
主要成果:
- 在44项研究中,大多数 (33) 基于与年轻成年人 (16-65岁) 类似的口头情节性记忆性能来定义超级衰老.
- 十一项研究确定了超级年龄人在他们的年龄组中表现最好 (使用标准偏差或百分位数).
- 只有九项研究将纵向认知表现纳入了他们的定义.
结论:
- 虽然相当于年轻人的认知,特殊的特定年龄的认知和稳定的认知功能是有价值的构造,但定义上的差异仍然存在.
- 解决年龄范围,比较组和认知领域的差异对于建立超级衰老研究共识至关重要.
- 需要明确选择标准的理由,以使定义与认知衰老研究中的特定研究问题保持一致.
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