巴西肺癌查 2013年和2021年USPSTF指南的比较
Isabel Cristina Martins Emmerick1, Mônica Rodrigues Campos2, Debora Castanheira3
1Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.
JAMA network open
|December 11, 2023
概括
巴西缺乏肺癌查政策,但USPSTF 2021标准识别了更多符合条件的个人,并减少了与旧指南相比的差异. 需要进一步的研究来优化对高风险人群的查.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 癌症查 癌症查
背景情况:
- 预计从2023年到2025年,肺癌将成为巴西第二常见的癌症.
- 巴西目前缺乏国家LC查政策 (LCS).
研究的目的:
- 用三种不同的资格策略,比较符合LCS的个体数量,可预防的5年LC死亡和获得的生命年 (YLG).
- 评估LCS资格和结果中的社会人口差异.
主要方法:
- 一项使用修改后的LC-死亡风险评估工具 (LCDRAT) 和LC-风险评估工具 (LCRAT) 的比较有效性研究.
- 来自2019年巴西国家家庭调查的数据包括50-80岁的经常吸烟者.
- 评估了三个LCS标准:所有常吸烟者 (50-80岁),USPSTF 2013指南和USPSTF 2021指南.
主要成果:
- 根据USPSTF的2021年标准,已发现8,380,279名LCS患者,而根据USPSTF的2013年标准,这一数字为5,144,322.
- 为了防止一个死亡,需要查的数量为USPSTF 2013的177人,USPSTF 2021的242人.
- 黑人,没有高中教育,生活在北/东北地区与增加的LC死亡风险有关.
结论:
- 2021年USPSTF标准在减少LC死亡率差异方面表现出优于USPSTF 2013的优势.
- 尽管情况有所改善,LC死亡风险仍然不平等,这凸显了针对高风险群体量身定制的LCS方法的需要.
- 考虑到当地流行病学背景对于制定有效的LCS战略至关重要.
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