驾驶员通过骑自行车者:视距离如何影响安全? 来自自然主义研究的结果
Alexander Rasch1, Yury Tarakanov2, Gustav Tellwe2
1Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Hörselgången 4, 41756 Göteborg, Sweden.
Journal of safety research
|December 11, 2023
概括
在超越骑自行车者时,驾驶员的行为会受到视野距离和相对车辆的影响. 降低可见度导致侧向通行距离和速度降低,危及农村道路上骑自行车者的安全.
科学领域:
- 道路安全研究 道路安全研究
- 交通工程是交通工程.
- 交通运输中的人类因素
背景情况:
- 骑自行车提供了许多好处,但由于共享公路与机动交通而带来风险.
- 超越骑自行车者是司机的关键机动,受到横向空隙,速度和环境因素的影响,如视距离和相对车辆等.
- 驾驶员在超车时的行为可能会对骑自行车者的安全和骑自行车的意愿产生负面影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究可见度,特别是视距离对驾驶员在超越骑自行车者时的行为的影响.
- 分析视野距离和相对交通等因素如何影响驾驶员在超车操作期间的横向空隙和速度.
- 为基础设施设计,政策制定和主动安全系统的开发提供数据.
主要方法:
- 使用四个路边交通传感器在瑞典农村道路上超越骑自行车的司机收集了自然驾驶数据.
- 采用贝叶斯的多变量方法来模型横向空隙和速度在过去的时刻.
- 该模型被安装在81次超车机动中,分析了视距离和相对交通的影响.
主要成果:
- 视距离的减少与司机在超越骑自行车者时减少横向空隙相关.
- 驾驶员的速度也在视距离减少的情况下降低,尽管不如空隙变化那么明显.
- 迎面交通的存在对超车行为产生了显著的影响,类似于但比视距离减少更强烈. 观察到一些关键低清除值.
结论:
- 由于司机在降低可见度的条件下超车或与相对方向的交通十分接近,因此自行车安全受到损害.
- 基础设施和政策决策应该考虑禁止在视野距离有限或相对向的交通区域超车.
- 开发的模型和收集的数据可以为主动安全系统,自动驾驶开发和驾驶员模型评估提供信息.
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