在南亚和东南亚进行口头尸检的伦理和文化影响:一项定性研究
Nan Shwe Nwe Htun1, Carlo Perrone2,3, Aung Pyae Phyo4
1Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand nan@tropmedres.ac.
BMJ global health
|December 11, 2023
概括
了解文化细微差别是东南亚有效的口头尸检的关键. 这种方法是可以接受的,如果在数据收集过程中尊重当地习俗和敏感性,确保准确的死亡原因信息.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医学人类学 医学人类学
背景情况:
- 低收入国家未记录的死亡原因阻碍了公共卫生倡议.
- 口头尸检 (VA) 是确定可能的死亡原因的关键工具.
- 南亚和东南亚的VA的社会和文化方面仍然未被充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 探索东南亚农村地区围绕死亡的民族文化敏感性.
- 在不同的文化背景下为口头尸检研究的实施提供信息.
- 确定最佳实践,以尊重和有效地进行VA面试.
主要方法:
- 与孟加拉国,柬埔寨,老,缅甸和泰国的社区成员,村长和宗教领袖进行了聚焦小组讨论.
- 专题分析被用来了解当地习俗,对死亡的传统观点和民族文化敏感性.
- 在VA研究之前,数据收集发生在2021年10月至2023年3月之间.
主要成果:
- 在宗教,种族和社会经济地位之间观察到死亡仪式,哀悼期 (3-100天) 和其持续时间的显著变化.
- 建议包括在哀悼后进行面试,以减轻痛苦和回忆偏差.
- 鉴定到的基本做法是,采访者由一个值得信赖的当地人进行介绍,在住所进行采访,仔细翻译当地语言,以及社区宣传.
结论:
- 口头解剖在不同东南亚文化背景下是一种可行且可接受的方法.
- 成功实施取决于事先识别和遵守当地规范和敏感性.
- 尊重文化惯例提高了数据质量和参与者对VA研究的信任.
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