导致意大利监狱自杀的因素:11年分析 (2010-2020年)
Paolo Bailo1, Filippo Gibelli1, Asaea Celletti1
1Section of Legal Medicine, School of Law, University of Camerino (MC), Camerino, Italy.
Criminal behaviour and mental health : CBMH
|December 11, 2023
概括
意大利监狱的自杀风险在夜间和特定的月份更高,特别是那些有较短的刑期,被判犯人,男性40岁左右,以及等待审判的人. 这些发现有助于为囚犯制定有针对性的自杀预防策略.
科学领域:
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 自杀是全球卫生危机,监狱的自杀率明显高于普通人口.
- 意大利的监狱面临着一个特别严重的挑战,自杀率大约是非监狱人口的20倍.
- 关于意大利惩戒设施内自杀的具体特征的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 分析2010年至2020年间在意大利监狱中因自杀而死亡的个人的特征.
- 确定与意大利监狱自杀相关的关键风险因素.
- 为意大利监狱系统中针对性预防自杀策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 基于记录的队列研究使用意大利司法部的官方数据进行.
- 数据涵盖了2010年至2020年期间,涵盖了所有监狱自杀事件.
- 信息被交叉引用并补充了来自专业监狱健康期刊和国家统计机构的数据.
主要成果:
- 增加的自杀风险与夜间,六月,七月,十月,短暂的拘留期 (<6个月),因谋杀罪被定罪,男性性别和40岁左右的年龄有关.
- 获取刑材料,监禁和等待审判的状态也被确定为危险因素.
- 值得注意的是,监狱过度拥挤并不是自杀的重要风险因素.
结论:
- 调查结果突出了个人和机构特征,这些特征是意大利监狱中自杀的关键风险指标.
- 这种知识对于制定有针对性的干预措施来缓解个人脆弱性和环境压力因素至关重要.
- 该研究为加强自杀预防研究和政策制定提供了基础,可能包括监狱国家自杀登记册.
相关概念视频
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
91
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
91
01:27Depressive Disorders: Etiology
102
Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
102
03:20The Stanford Prison Experiment
23.2K
The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.
23.2K
01:03Long-term Depression
2.5K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
2.5K
01:29Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
59
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
59
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
11.8K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
11.8K