克洛斯特里新生儿抗菌敏感性,遗传耐药性决定因素和基因定型:一个多中心的时空空间回顾性分析
Laurent Ferraris1, Johanne Delannoy1, Christelle Mazuet2
1Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR-S 1139 (3PHM), Paris F-75006, France.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
|December 12, 2023
概括
新生儿菌 (Clostridium neonatale) 是新生儿死性肠球炎 (NEC) 的原因之一,对克林达米辛,塞福塔克西姆和四环素具有耐药性. 基因分析揭示了与移动元素相关的抗性基因,突出显示了传播的潜力.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 2002年在新生儿死性肠球炎 (NEC) 爆发期间发现的新生儿死菌 (Clostridium neonatale) 在2018年被验证为一个不同的物种.
- 这项研究研究了新生儿C. neonatale的临床分离物,以了解它们的抗微生物耐药性和遗传构成.
研究的目的:
- 评估C.新生儿临床分离物的抗菌敏感性.
- 确定负责C.新生儿抗菌耐药性的遗传决定因素.
- 分析C.新生儿分离物之间的遗传关系.
主要方法:
- 从早产新生儿的便中分离出68种C.新生儿菌株.
- 针对克林达米辛,塞福胺和四环素进行了抗菌感应性测试 (盘扩散和MIC确定).
- 用PCR和全基因组测序 (WGS) 选遗传耐药性决定因素,并通过多部位序列类型 (MLST) 进行基因型定型.
主要成果:
- 在35%的分离物中观察到对克林达米辛的抗药性,10%对塞福他辛的抗药性,1%对四环素的抗药性.
- 确定了特定的耐药基因,包括erm{B},tet{M},tet{O}和tet{32},其中一些与特定的序列类型 (ST) 相关.
- 世界基因组发现了更多的抗性基因,如 aph(3') -IIa,blaTEM-116,以及一个类似 blaCBP-1 的基因,通常靠近移动遗传元素.
结论:
- 新生儿C. neonatale对标准的抗厌氧剂表现出敏感性,但对克林达米辛,塞福和四环素表现出耐药性.
- 已识别的抗性基因 (四环素核糖体保护,类耐药性,氨基甘油酸转化酶,β-乳糖酶) 位于移动遗传元素中.
- 这些发现表明,在C.新生儿种群中,抗菌素耐药性可能会扩散.
相关概念视频
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
2.0K
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
2.0K
Modern Molecular Taxonomy
836
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
836
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA
219
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and...
219
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance
90
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within...
90


