使用人工智能提高放射科医生在检测胸部X射线图上的异常方面的表现
Souhail Bennani1, Nor-Eddine Regnard1, Jeanne Ventre1
1From the Department of Thoracic Imaging, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, Paris 75014, France (S.B., L.D., E. Guillo, E. Gouhier, S.H.Z., E.C., M.P.R., G.C.); Gleamer, Paris, France (S.B., N.E.R., J.V., L.L., T.N., A.D.); Réseau d'Imagerie Sud Francilien, Lieusant, France (N.E.R., L.L., C.M.); Department of Pediatric Radiology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France (T.N.); HFR Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland (P.K.); and Centre d'Imagerie Médicale de l'Ouest Parisien, Paris, France (H.K.).
人工智能 (AI) 显著改善了所有级别的放射科医生的胸部放射图上的胸部异常检测,增加了灵敏度并减少了阅读时间. 人工智能辅助在各种疾病中提高了诊断准确性,除了肺胸部诊断外.
科学领域:
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 胸部放射是常见但具有挑战性的诊断工具.
- 解读胸部X射线图需要专业知识,并且可能出现错误.
- 人工智能 (AI) 提供了提高诊断准确性的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 评估人工智能协助对放射科医生在检测胸部异常方面的表现的影响.
- 评估AI对不同放射科医生专业水平的灵敏度,特异性和阅读时间的影响.
- 为了比较放射科医生在胸部X射线图上使用和不使用人工智能辅助的性能.
主要方法:
- 追溯分析500张胸部X射线图,这些患者也接受了CT扫描.
- 用CT作为基本事实,对五个关键异常 (肺胸部,胸膜溢出,巩固,质量,结节) 的放射图进行了注释.
- 12名放射科医生 (居民,一般和胸部) 解释了带有和没有AI (ChestView) 的图像.
主要成果:
- 人工智能显著提高了对所有五种异常的敏感性,肺胸 (26%) 和巩固 (14%).
- 特定性通常与AI得到改善,除了肺胸部检测.
- 在人工智能辅助下,平均阅读时间减少了31% (从81秒减少到56秒).
结论:
- 人工智能辅助解读提高了所有经验水平的放射科医生在胸部放射图上检测胸部异常的灵敏度.
- 人工智能工具可以减少解释时间,提高工作流程效率.
- 虽然整体上是有益的,但人工智能对特异性的影响因异常而有所不同,肺胸病例略有下降.
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