横向阻力负荷对时空和地面反应力变量的影响,在最大冲刺加速期间
Norihide Sugisaki1, Kai Kobayashi2, Takaya Yoshimoto3
1Center for Liberal Arts, Meiji Gakuin University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
PloS one
|December 12, 2023
概括
横向阻力负载对冲刺加速机制的影响最小. 较重的负载可能有利于改善早期冲刺表现,这与常见的建议相反.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 竞技表现运动员的表现
背景情况:
- 了解外部负荷对冲刺力学的影响对于优化训练策略至关重要.
- 水平阻力训练是提高冲刺加速的常见方法.
- 关于不同水平阻力负载对关键冲刺变量的具体影响的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究不同的水平阻力负荷如何影响时空和地面反应力 (GRF) 变量在最大冲刺加速期间.
- 量化这些变量在一系列承受负荷的变化的大小.
主要方法:
- 九名男子短跑运动员参与了这项研究.
- 冲刺运行试验在六个条件下进行: 4,6,8,10和12公斤的无电阻和电阻负载.
- 使用50米力板系统测量了地面反应力.
- 时空和GRF变量在0.5m/s的速度增量时被分析.
主要成果:
- 对大多数时空和GRF变量 (p < 0.05) 发现了负载的重大主要影响,但不包括位置平均的前后GRF和制动冲动.
- 最大运行速度随着负载的增加而逐渐减少.
- 在负载条件之间观察到的GRF和时空变量之间的差异通常很小 (分别为4%和9%).
结论:
- 在给定的冲刺速度下,水平阻力负载对时空和GRF变量产生最小的影响.
- 在最大冲刺加速的初始阶段,重负荷可能更有效地提高性能.
- 培训建议应考虑负载大小对冲刺加速动态的具体影响.
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