来自六大洲的1001名儿童的日常语言输入和输出
Elika Bergelson1, Melanie Soderstrom2, Iris-Corinna Schwarz3,4
1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United Kingdom.
概括
成年人说话显著提高了幼儿的语言表达,这是语言发展的关键方面. 这项大规模研究发现,年龄和临床风险也预测了语言,但不是社会经济地位,性别或幼儿时期的多语言.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 语音技术 语言技术
背景情况:
- 儿童的语言学习是普遍的,但个人的能力各不相同.
- 之前的研究表明,社会经济地位和性别影响语言技能.
- 有限的抽样方法可能会影响以前关于语言发展因素的结论.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响儿童日常语言使用和言语产生因素.
- 利用大数据和语音技术进行跨文化分析.
- 确定幼儿时代语言变化的强有力的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 利用一个大数据集,超过2500天的以儿童为中心的音频录音.
- 收集了来自12个国家和不同背景的1,001名2至48个月龄的儿童的数据.
- 采用语音技术进行大数据分析语音.
主要成果:
- 年龄,临床风险和诊断是儿童发言能力的重要预测因素.
- 接触成年人的谈话与儿童发言量增加有很强的相关性.
- 在这项研究中,社会经济地位,性别和多语言不是重要的预测因素.
结论:
- 成年人的对话输入是早期语言发育的关键因素.
- 大规模的自然数据挑战了关于社会经济地位和性别影响的先前假设.
- 研究结果提供了关于幼儿语言行为在不同环境中的变异性的强有力的见解.
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