我们的国家营养减少需求:将保护优先级框架应用于美国农业用地
Lily Kirk1, Jana E Compton2, Anne Neale3
1Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education - US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Durham, NC, 27709, USA.
Journal of environmental management
|December 12, 2023
概括
有针对性的保护是减少农业营养物质流失的关键. 优先考虑高营养余地区,优化现场和现场边缘战略,确保为更清洁的水域提供有效的营养管理.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 水资源管理 水资源管理
背景情况:
- 来自农业的非点源营养污染威胁到水质.
- 集成的现场和现场边缘的保护实践对于营养减少至关重要.
- 有针对性的保护工作最大限度地提高了农业景观的资源效率.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个通用的空间优先级框架,用于整个美国 (CONUS) 的农业营养物质保护.
- 确定农业营养物质 (和) 余量较高的地区.
- 根据营养使用效率,排水和缓冲潜力来确定最合适的保护策略.
主要方法:
- 已确定含有高 (N) 和 (P) 过剩的水下流域.
- 评估的营养使用效率 (NUE) 与作物营养吸收有关.
- 评估了现场营养减少和现场边缘缓冲策略的潜力.
主要成果:
- 高营养余区域分别占CONUS下流域的52% (N) 和50% (P),主要集中在中西部 (N),南部 (P) 和加利福尼亚 (N & P).
- 在现场减少营养投入是优先考虑的,在45% (N) 和44% (P) 的下水域中,NUE低于0.7.
- 建议在35% (N) 和29% (P) 的地下流域中结合田间和田边战略,而中西部战略则侧重于缓冲和排水管理.
结论:
- 有针对性的保护优先级有效地确定需要营养管理的区域.
- 现场和现场边缘实践的结合对于全面的营养减少至关重要.
- 在主要河流盆地实施各种保护策略可以显著减轻水体中过量的营养物质负载.
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