鸟类如何在飞行前,飞行期间和飞行后散发热量
Agnès Lewden1,2, Charles M Bishop3, Graham N Askew1
1School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
|December 12, 2023
概括
飞翔的鸟类比休息的鸟类消散的热量要多得多,主要是通过它们的翅膀通过对流. 这项研究揭示了对飞行期间鸟类温度调节的关键见解.
科学领域:
- 鸟类生理学 鸟类生理学
- 热调节 热调节 热调节
- 生物能源学 生物能源学
背景情况:
- 动物飞行需要高的代谢能量,产生大量的热量.
- 有效的散热对于鸟类来说至关重要,以防止活动期间出现高温.
- 了解飞行中的温度调节是鸟类行为生态学的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了量化爱情小鸟在飞行过程中的散热量.
- 研究热损失的机制 (对流,辐射,传导).
- 建立一种研究飞行中的鸟类温度调节的方法.
主要方法:
- 红外热图用于测量爱情小鸟 (Agapornis personatus) 的表面温度.
- 热传递建模用于计算非蒸发式散热.
- 对飞行前,飞行期间和飞行后的温度进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 非蒸发式散热在飞行过程中是比以前高12倍,比之后高19倍.
- 通过腹翼区域的强迫对流是飞行过程中主要的热损失机制.
- 飞行期间的表面温度比休息时更低,腿部在飞行后温度增加.
结论:
- 鸟类在飞行和休息时采用不同的温度调节策略.
- 机翼表面对于飞行过程中散热至关重要.
- 开发的方法可以为研究气候变化对候鸟的影响提供信息.
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