除草剂混合物对营养循环和植物支持的影响,考虑到当前的农业做法
I García Carriquiry1, V Silva2, F Raevel2
1Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands; CENUR Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República, Uruguay.
Chemosphere
|December 12, 2023
概括
在大豆生产中连续使用除草剂对土壤健康和植物发展产生了重大影响. 即使在推剂量下,这些农药混合物也影响了植物生物质,营养循环和共生关系,突出了对生态系统健康的风险.
科学领域:
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
背景情况:
- 目前的农药法规与复杂的混合物和顺序应用作斗争.
- 动态杀虫剂混合物会产生不可预测的生态毒理效应.
- 实际的农业实践,如大豆生产计划,需要进行彻底的环境评估.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估顺序除草剂混合物对土壤健康的生态毒理学影响,在一个 mesocosm 实验.
- 评估不同的除草剂度 (一半,推,双) 对大豆植物发育和土壤功能的影响.
- 确定现实的应用方案是否会影响观察到的生态毒理学结果.
主要方法:
- 一个中宇宙实验模拟了大豆生产中的连续除草剂应用 (甘酸盐 + 迪坎巴 + 克莱索迪姆,其次是氧 + 甲基).
- 对商业除草剂产品进行测试,建议剂量减半,建议剂量增加一倍.
- 评估植物生物质,结节质量,菌根植民,营养度 (),植物高度和植物生长和繁殖阶段的表态.
主要成果:
- 在植物阶段,植物生物量在建议剂量和双剂量下显著减少,显示混合剂量依赖性.
- 结节质量和度随着除草剂剂量的增加而下降;在双倍剂量时,菌根植入量减少.
- 植物的高度和表观仅在推剂量的两倍时才受到影响,而土壤功能则表现出暂时或永久的影响.
结论:
- 连续的除草剂应用,即使是在推剂量,也会对土壤健康和植物发育产生负面影响.
- 现实的应用方案和非标准的终点揭示了对土壤功能的重大影响.
- 农药风险评估必须包括混合物的复杂性和现实的应用场景,以有效保护生态系统.
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