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通过听觉线索对阶段性兴奋的操纵与婴儿期对面部视觉定位的随后变化有关

Giorgia Bussu¹, Ana Maria Portugal², Lowe Wilsson³

¹Development and Neurodiversity Lab, Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Von Kraemers Alle 1C, 754 32, Uppsala, Sweden. giorgia.bussu@psyk.uu.se.

Scientific reports

|December 12, 2023

概括

声音诱导的兴奋影响婴儿的社会导向. 瞳孔膨胀和年龄预测视觉搜索性能,支持早期发育中的适应性增益理论.

科学领域:

发展心理学发展心理学
认知神经科学认知神经科学
听觉感知是一种听觉感知.

背景情况:

婴儿的社会导向对于发育至关重要.
兴奋会影响认知过程,但其对婴儿社会导向的影响不太清楚.
眼睛追踪提供了客观的注意力和兴奋度的指标.

研究的目的:

为了研究声音诱导的兴奋如何影响婴儿的社会导向.
为了检查与年龄相关的差异 (5个月与10个月) 响应听觉线索.
探索瞳孔膨胀,兴奋和社会定向表现之间的关系.

主要方法:

在一次自发的视觉搜索任务中,对5个月和10个月大的婴儿进行了一项眼睛跟踪研究.
呈现了不同体积和社会内容的听觉线索.
测量了瞳孔膨胀和视觉定位反应.

主要成果:

婴儿对高音量声音的瞳孔扩张较大,但并没有通过社交和非社交声音进行区分.
较年长的婴儿 (10个月) 呈现出更快的视觉定向和更好的社会定向.
习惯于社会导向发生在高音量声音之后.
瞳孔膨胀与社会定向表现有积极的关联.

结论:

阶段性瞳孔扩张与婴儿的自发社会导向有关.
研究结果支持适应性增益理论,表明兴奋会调节注意力和表现.
听觉处理和社会注意力的发展变化在10个月后就显而易见.

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