在低收入环境中疫情对接种疫苗的干扰:定性调查
Fauzia Aman Malik1,2, Nazia Ahsan3, Rawshan Jabeen3
1Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
BMC proceedings
|December 13, 2023
概括
在巴基斯坦,COVID-19大流行扰乱了儿童的常规免疫接种,原因在于后勤方面的挑战,而不是父母缺乏信任. 需要进行系统性干预,以建立应对未来健康危机的弹性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行暴露了全球免疫接种系统的漏洞.
- 干扰不成比例地影响了包括巴基斯坦在内的低收入和中等收入国家.
- 定性研究评估了大流行对日常儿童免疫接种和COVID-19疫苗接种的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了捕捉父母和医疗保健工作者在巴基斯坦COVID-19大流行期间对免疫服务的观点.
- 评估大流行对儿童常规免疫接种 (CRI) 和COVID-19疫苗接种的影响.
- 在卫生危机期间识别影响免疫服务的障碍和促进因素.
主要方法:
- 使用有目的抽样进行定性研究设计.
- 与父母/儿童照顾者进行半结构化的电话采访.
- 通过Zoom与医疗保健工作者 (HWs) 进行焦点小组讨论.
- 在巴基斯坦辛德省的城市和农村地区进行的采访 (2021年2月至7月).
- 对录音和转录的采访进行主题分析.
主要成果:
- 父母和HW对CRI福利表示强烈的信任,但报告了重要的服务提供和采用中断.
- 障碍包括关闭的疫苗接种中心,减少外展,缺乏信息,社区对疫苗安全的担忧,供应短缺和人员限制.
- COVID-19疫苗挑战涉及流行病现实怀疑和信息混乱;表达了将其纳入扩大免疫计划的意愿.
- 参与小组表示愿意将COVID-19疫苗接种纳入巴基斯坦扩大免疫计划.
结论:
- 巴基斯坦疫苗接种中断源于社会/物流挑战和安全服务提供困难,而不是父母不愿意.
- 疫苗接种障碍和对COVID-19暴露的恐惧导致了服务的不确定性.
- 未来的流行病准备需要基于系统的干预,专注于劳动力的弹性能力,而不是仅仅是说服力.
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