日本老年人肺炎球菌疫苗接种覆盖率和与疫苗接种相关的因素:LIFE研究
Naoki Yamada1, Kiyomasa Nakatsuka1, Masato Tezuka1
1Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe 654-0142, Japan.
Vaccine
|December 13, 2023
概括
诸如性别和健康检查参与等个体因素显著影响日本老年人肺炎球菌疫苗接种率. 进一步的研究应该探索环境对接种疫苗接种的影响.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 对老年人来说,肺炎球菌疫苗接种对于预防严重的呼吸道感染至关重要.
- 了解影响疫苗接种的因素对于改善老龄化人口的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定与日本老年人肺炎球菌疫苗接种相关的个人和环境因素.
- 分析行政数据以发现大型队列中与疫苗接种相关的决定因素.
主要方法:
- 一项利用两个日本市政当局的行政数据进行的队列研究 (2015年4月至2020年3月).
- 包括达到常规肺炎球菌疫苗接种年龄 (≥65岁) 的个人.
- 多变量后勤回归分析以确定与疫苗接种相关的重要因素,包括人口统计,健康状况和医疗保健利用率.
主要成果:
- 对17991人的分析显示,疫苗接种率为33.6%.
- 显著的个人因素包括女性性别 (OR: 1.18),更高的社会经济地位 (不是低收入,OR: 1.76),频繁的医院访问 (每月≥1次,OR: 1.27) 和参加特定健康检查 (OR: 2.10).
- 没有发现与与肺炎球菌疫苗接种有合同的医院有显著的关联.
结论:
- 女性性别和参与特定健康检查是影响日本老年人肺炎球菌疫苗接种的关键个体因素.
- 环境因素需要进一步调查,以充分了解疫苗接种决定因素.
- 基于已识别的个人级预测因素,可以开发有针对性的干预措施.
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